胶州湾海水中悬浮颗粒对溶解态微量元素的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

刘刚  瞿成利  常凤鸣  赵永芳  路波 《海洋科学》2008,32(3):55-61

运用离子色谱离线螯合结合ICP-MS的方法,对胶州湾海水中的微量元素(V,Co,Ni,Cu,Mo,Cd,Pb,U,REEs)进行了精确的定量分析。在测试前对在同一站位不同层位采集的平行海水样品进行了两种不同的酸化处理:一份采取先过滤后酸化的方式,以获得海水中溶解态微量元素的含量;另一份采取直接酸化后分析的方式,以评估悬浮颗粒中的可交换态微量元素对溶解态微量元素测定结果可能造成的影响。通过对比研究发现,不同处理方法得到的V、Ni、Cu、Co、Pb以及稀土元素(REEs)的质量浓度存在很大差异,说明悬浮颗粒物质可能对海水中相应元素的测定产生较大的影响。各种微量元素之间的差异和相应离子或离子团的电荷性质、在海水中的配位作用以及悬浮颗粒物质的表面电荷性质有关。初步研究结果表明,在类似于胶州湾这样的近海海域,悬浮颗粒物质是控制微量元素分布特征的一个重要因素。  相似文献   

Drilling Technology of the M-1 Well in Hot Dry Rock of Matouying,Tangshan北大核心CSCD   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张云  高亮  刘现川  赵岩  王德  张建永 《地质与勘探》2022,58(1):176-186

This paper presents the general situation and key techniques of the drilling well M-1 in Matouying dry hot rock exploration hole, Leting, Tangshan, Hebei Province. A series of problems have been studied on the sea water drilling fluid, high temperature resistant fresh water drilling fluid, screw composite drilling technique, screw hole coring technology, and high temperature, thus solving the difficulty of sea water drilling fluid well protection, poor stability of drilling fluid under high temperature, and low efficiency in hot dry rock drilling and coring drilling to ensure the safety of the borehole and improve drilling efficiency. The high temperature resistant double condensation and double density cement slurry system and relevant technical measures are adopted to ensure the quality of cementing in the high temperature environment. Through the understanding and analysis of the strata in this area, this work provides valuable experience for drilling in the same strata in the future. The final hole depth of the M-1 well in Matouying is 4502. 11m, and hot dry rock with a temperature of 150t is found at 3965 m, which is the first hot dry rock well with a temperature of more than 150°C in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region so far. © 2022 Editorial Board of Geology and Exploration. All rights reserved.  相似文献   

辽东湾红沿河附近海域2017—2018年冬季气温-水温-冰情关系研究     

马玉贤  王玉  於凡  许宁  袁帅  史文奇 《冰川冻土》2022,44(5):1482-1491

辽东湾是我国冰情最严重海域,每年冬季都会受到海冰的显著影响,冰情预测评估可为辽东湾涉海活动提供防冰抗冰的技术依据。建立气温-水温-冰情的相关性,结合便于获取的现场高精度连续气象数据和高精度冰情预测模型,可实现局地小尺度的冰情快速预测评估。基于2017—2018年冬季辽东湾东岸红沿河附近海域实测气象-水温-冰情同步观测数据,结合辽东湾大尺度整体冰情（浮冰面积）,推演局地气温、水温与不同尺度冰情评价参数（浮冰范围与冰厚）的相关关系,提出基于不同气温区间的气温变化规律的冰底热通量选取方法,进而建立适用于辽东湾的气温-水温-冰情评估方法。相关性分析结果显示：观测点气温与水温存在明显相关性;浮冰范围与气象数据存在明显相关性,临界温度为 -5 ℃的累计负气温能很好拟合本年度盛冰期浮冰范围。基于HIGHTSI进行数值模拟后发现：水温与块体积法计算冰底热通量时,冰水间的热传递系数取2.2×10^-5是可行的;水温对冰情的影响表现在海冰冰厚最大值与冰期长短。为弥补辽东湾其他海域因缺少实测海水温度观测数据欠缺、冰底热通量选取不准选取导致的冰情模拟预测评估困难的问题,本文依据水温与气温的相关性,将水温随气温变化划分为结冰区（气温小于-10 ℃时水温维持冰点附近）、过渡区（气温为-10~-5 ℃时水温处于-1.4~-0.4 ℃）、融冰区（气温高于-5 ℃时水温随气温的增大逐渐增大）,进而提出适用于辽东湾所有海域的冰底热通量计算方法和冰情评估方法。  相似文献   

套管外补贴技术及其在惠州油田的应用分析          下载免费PDF全文

张伟国  艾飞 《探矿工程》2015,42(4):30-33

针对海洋油田长时间开发后出现的套管完整性问题,考虑到传统的修补措施如跨越式封隔器等无法满足后期作业对井眼尺寸的要求的现状,提出了套管外补贴技术。介绍了套管外补贴的原理及在惠州油田HZ19-3-6和HZ26-1-16井的应用情况。结果表明,修复后的套管能保持原有强度且产生永久密封,具有不“牺牲”井眼尺寸等优点。针对作业过程中出现的复杂情况进行了深入分析,对海洋油田套管完整性的修复工作具有实践和理论指导意义,同时也给水井、地热井套管的修复提供借鉴和启示。  相似文献   

The Paleoceanography during the Time with High δ13C of Phanerozoic marine carbonates     

Huang Sijing  Li Xiaoning  Wu Wenhui  Zhang Meng  Hu Zuowei  Liu Sibing  Huang Keke  Zhong Yijiang 《地球科学进展》2015,30(11):1185-1197

Carbon isotopic composition of marine carbonates is a record for various important geological events in the process of earth development and evolution. The carbonates of Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic, as the transition from Paleozoic to Mesozoic-Cenozoic have very high ¹³C value. Taking this as the main point, and combined with the oxygen, strontium isotopic composition in carbonates, distribution of carbonate basin area through geologic time, the correlation of carbon isotopic composition of marine carbonates to sea level change, organic carbon burial flux, exchange of CO₂ content in atmosphere and ocean, and long cycle evolution of the earth ecosystems were approached. The results are shown as follows: ①The interval of ¹³C >3‰ during Phanerozoic was concentrated in Carboniferous, Permian and the beginning of Triassic, but the beginning of Triassic was characterized by higher frequency and larger fluctuations in ¹³C value during a short time, whereas the Carboniferous-Permian presented a continuously stable high ¹³C value, indicating a larger amount of organic carbon accumulation in this time interval. Relatively high ¹⁸O values during this time was also observed, showing a long time of glaciations and cold climate, which suggest a connection among rapid organic carbon burial, cold climate, as well as pCO₂ and pO₂ states of atmosphere. ②The over consumption of atmosphere CO₂ by green plants during the time with high ¹³C of seawater forced CO₂ being transferred from ocean to atmosphere for the balance, but the decrease in the seawater amount and water column pressure caused by the global cooling could weaken dissolution capacity of CO₂ in seawater and carbon storage of marine carbonates, and also reduce the carbonate sedimentary rate and decrease the carbonate basin area globally from Devonian to Carboniferous and Permian. During the middle-late Permian carbonate was widely replaced by siliceous sediments even though in shallow carbonate platform, which resulted in the decrease of marine invertebrates, suggesting the Permian chert event should be global. ③The Phanerozoic ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr trend of seawater showed a sharp fall in Permian and drop to a minimum at the end of the Permian, indicting input of strontium from the submarine hydrothermal systems (mantle flux). Such process should accompany with a supplement of CO₂ from deep earth to atmosphere and ocean system, but the process associated with widespread volcanism and rises of earth’s surface temperature pricked up the mass extinction during the time of end Permian. ④Cold climate and increase of continental icecap volume, the amalgamation of northern Africa and Laurentia continentals were the main reasons responsible for the sea level drop, but the water consumption result from the significantly increased accumulation of organic carbon should also be one of the reasons for the sea level drop on the order of tens of meters. ⑤The mass extinction at the end Permian was an inevitable event in the process of earth system adjustment. It was difficult for marine invertebrates to survive because of the continuously rapid burial of organic carbon, and of the decrease of sea water amount and its dissolution ability to CO₂. At last, at the end of Paleozoic, the supplement of CO₂ to atmosphere and ocean by widely magma activities resulted in a high temperature of earth surface and intensified mass extinction.  相似文献   

基于智能定位手机的影像信息内外业一体化核查系统   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

廖永生  丘小春 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(12):171-174

在地理国情普查和未来将持续开展的地理国情监测工作中,其主要作业方式是通过多源遥感获取地类信息。由于自动解译和人工解译准确率较低,外业调查和核实都是必不可少的工作。传统的制图调绘核实方法存在人工定位困难、记录慢和单人识别不可靠等问题。采用最新的平板电脑进行外业调绘存在强光下无法显示、笔触操作不便和电池续航时间短等缺点。本系统以GPS智能手机作为终端,通过网络传输将遥感外业调查像片传回内业数据处理中心,作业员可以根据外业作业人员传回的定位像片进行地类赋值或修改以及检查等工作,实现无缝集成的内外业一体化。  相似文献   

利用先验对流层延迟约束加快PPP重新收敛方法     

宋超  郝金明  张鹤 《测绘科学技术学报》2015,(5):441-444

针对卫星信号中断后PPP需要重新收敛的问题,根据对流层延迟参数在短期内变化不大的特点,利用PPP中断前估计的比较精确的对流层延迟参数作为先验信息,提出了一种附加先验对流层信息约束的PPP模型加快PPP的重新收敛。实验结果表明,附加先验对流层信息约束模型的PPP重新收敛过程明显快于传统模型。附加先验对流层延迟信息的标准差越小,约束条件越强,PPP的重新收敛就越快。  相似文献   

Nonstationary time series prediction by incorporating external forces   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王革丽  杨培才  周秀骥 《大气科学进展》2013,30(6):1601-1607

Almost all climate time series have some degree of nonstationarity due to external forces of the observed system. Therefore, these external forces should be taken into account when reconstructing the climate dy- namics. This paper presents a novel technique in predicting nonstationary time series. The main difference of this new technique from some previous methods is that it incorporates the driving forces in the pre- diction model. To appraise its effectiveness, three prediction experiments were carried out using the data generated from some known classical dynamical models and a climate model with multiple external forces. Experimental results indicate that this technique is able to improve the prediction skill effectively.  相似文献   

Variation of Surface Temperature during the Last Millennium in a Simulation with the FGOALS-g1 Climate System Model     

ZHANG Jie  Laurent LI  ZHOU Tianjun  XIN Xiaoge 《大气科学进展》2013,30(3)

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我国海水养殖珍珠业存在的问题及对策   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

邓陈茂  黄海立符韶 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(5):5-9

在详细分析我国海水珍珠养殖业存在问题的基础上，提出了统一规划海区，定量、低密度和开展外海深水海区珍珠养殖；加速大型珍珠贝全人工养殖与育珠的研究，丰富养殖品种；建立良种场、实行马氏珠母贝种质复壮；加强技术推广，延长育珠期、提高珍珠质量；抓好珍珠深加工、开拓珍珠产业链；建立龙头企业，带动珍珠业向集约型发展等可持续发展对策。  相似文献